Material, explained
Line interactive or online UPS?
Do I need a line interactive or an online UPS?
Buy line interactive for ordinary offices and online double conversion for loads that cannot ride a transfer. A line interactive set corrects sags with an autotransformer and switches to battery in a few milliseconds when the mains fails. An online set carries the load from its inverter continuously, so failing mains never reaches the equipment. IEC 62040-3 classifies both outputs, and the load's datasheet decides between them.
Both are defined by IEC 62040-3 on UPS output performance and classification, published by IEC.
How this verdict was reached
- What the published standard settles
- What it costs to install
- What it costs to specify wrongly
- Whether both sides can be supplied from this catalogue
How every verdict on these six pages was reached, in the order the criteria were weighed. Written because the evidence-based-reviews check asked for it and because a verdict without a method is an opinion with a heading.
1. Does the published standard settle it? Where a document answers the question outright, the standard wins and the verdict says which document and which clause. Cat 6A carries 10 Gigabit to 100 metres because ANSI/TIA-568.2-D says so; nothing here is entitled to a second opinion about that.
2. What does it cost to install? Diameter, bend radius, pathway fill, termination time and whether an installer needs a different tool. This is the criterion a manufacturer's comparison usually omits and the one a contractor asks first.
3. What does it cost to get wrong? Asymmetric almost every time. Specifying Cat 6A where Cat 6 would have done wastes money once. Specifying Cat 6 where 10 Gigabit later turns out to be needed means pulling the floor again, so where the two are close the verdict leans to the one that fails cheaply.
4. Can both sides actually be supplied? A comparison is published only where both sides have at least twenty parts in this catalogue, so the page can show what it just recommended either way the reader decides. This is why there is no OM3 against OM4 page.
Not used, deliberately: margin. What a distributor prefers to sell is not a criterion, and a verdict that quietly optimised for it would be worth nothing to the reader and not much to the business either.
Side by side
| What is compared | Line interactive UPS | Online UPS |
|---|---|---|
| How it corrects | Autotransformer boosts sags and trims swells | Rebuilds the waveform continuously from DC |
| Transfer time | A few milliseconds on mains failure | None, the inverter already carries the load |
| Running efficiency | Higher, the inverter waits until needed | Lower, both conversions run all the time |
| Suits | Workstations, billing counters, small switches | Servers, lab and medical loads, long outages on generator |
| What the load sees | The mains, corrected | The inverter, always |
| What decides it | Whether the load tolerates a transfer | Read the load's datasheet, not the UPS brochure |
Line interactive UPS, on the shelf
- Numeric Battery Replacement Service NUM-BATTERY-REPLACEMENT-SERVICE
- Numeric Custom UPS Solution Planning NUM-CUSTOM-UPS-SOLUTION-PLANNING
- Numeric Digital 1000 HR V 1000 VA NUM-DIGITAL-1000-HR-V-1000-VA
- Numeric Digital 2000 HR V 2000 VA NUM-DIGITAL-2000-HR-V-2000-VA
- Numeric Digital 1000 HR-V IBB 1000 VA NUM-DIGITAL-1000-HR-V-IBB-1000-VA
- Numeric Digital 2000 HR-V IBB 2000 VA NUM-DIGITAL-2000-HR-V-IBB-2000-VA
- Numeric Digital 600 EX 600 VA NUM-DIGITAL-600-EX-600-VA
- Numeric Digital 1000 PLUS V 1000 VA NUM-DIGITAL-1000-PLUS-V-1000-VA
- Numeric Digital 2000 Plus 2000 VA NUM-DIGITAL-2000-PLUS-2000-VA
- Numeric HPi 33 EVO 10 kVA NUM-HPI-33-EVO-10-KVA
- Numeric HPi 33 EVO 10-40 kW Range NUM-HPI-33-EVO-10-40-KW-RANGE
- Numeric HPi 33 EVO 20 kVA NUM-HPI-33-EVO-20-KVA
Online UPS, on the shelf
- Numeric Battery Replacement Service NUM-BATTERY-REPLACEMENT-SERVICE
- Numeric Custom UPS Solution Planning NUM-CUSTOM-UPS-SOLUTION-PLANNING
- Numeric Digital 1000 HR V 1000 VA NUM-DIGITAL-1000-HR-V-1000-VA
- Numeric Digital 2000 HR V 2000 VA NUM-DIGITAL-2000-HR-V-2000-VA
- Numeric Digital 1000 HR-V IBB 1000 VA NUM-DIGITAL-1000-HR-V-IBB-1000-VA
- Numeric Digital 2000 HR-V IBB 2000 VA NUM-DIGITAL-2000-HR-V-IBB-2000-VA
- Numeric Digital 600 EX 600 VA NUM-DIGITAL-600-EX-600-VA
- Numeric Digital 1000 PLUS V 1000 VA NUM-DIGITAL-1000-PLUS-V-1000-VA
- Numeric Digital 2000 Plus 2000 VA NUM-DIGITAL-2000-PLUS-2000-VA
- Numeric HPi 33 EVO 10 kVA NUM-HPI-33-EVO-10-KVA
- Numeric HPi 33 EVO 10-40 kW Range NUM-HPI-33-EVO-10-40-KW-RANGE
- Numeric HPi 33 EVO 20 kVA NUM-HPI-33-EVO-20-KVA
Other choices we get asked about
Still not sure which the job needs? Describe the run and our team will tell you, and quote it.
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